Electrodeposition of high Mo content amorphous/nanocrystalline Ni–Mo alloys using 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride ionic liquid as an additive

Abstract

In the following research, adherent, compact and bright Ni–Mo alloy has been electrodeposited on mild steel in the presence of ionic liquid additive 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride in ammonia citrate solution using pulse plating technique. The textural components of the coatings were evaluated employing X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Microstructure, morphology and chemical composition of the coatings were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The results revealed that in the presence of ionic liquid at pH of 8.5, Ni–Mo films containing more than 49 wt.% Mo have been carried out whilst no proper deposits have been conducted in additive free solution at the same condition. SEM micrographs showed different morphology of Ni–Mo deposits in the presence of ionic liquid additive. Also XRD patterns represented that present conditions lead to amorphous/nanocrystalline Ni–Mo coatings. Temperature and pH were varied for studying their effects on Ni–Mo characteristics. Moreover the effect of substrate preparation on morphology of coatings was also investigated.